Principle of Fire Gilding
鎏金（火法镀金）原理
标签：金汞齐, 驱汞, 扩散结合, 火镀
鎏金利用金能溶于汞形成膏状金汞齐（含 Au 约 12–15%），涂于洁净铜面后加热至 300–400℃，汞挥发、金颗粒在界面扩散并与铜形成金铜合金层，牢固附着。因汞蒸气剧毒，现代多被贴金或电镀替代，仅文物修复可控环境下使用。
Fire gilding exploits gold dissolving in mercury to a paste amalgam (≈12–15% Au); applied to clean copper and heated to 300–400℃, mercury vaporizes while gold diffuses at the interface, forming a gold-copper alloy layer that bonds firmly. Mercury vapor is highly toxic, so modern work prefers leaf or plating—fire gilding survives mainly in controlled restoration. ---