Equipment: Press Tonnage & Die Material

设备选型：冲床吨位与模具材料

type:featured-qa · level:intermediate · material:copper · material:brass · scale:industrial · equipment:hand-tools · stage:patternmaking

标签：拉深力计算, 公称吨位, 模具钢, 硬质合金

拉深力 F≈π·d·t·σ_b·(D₀/d−0.7)（σ_b 为抗拉强度）。选冲床公称吨位取最大拉深力+压边力的 1.2–1.5 倍安全系数。铜件模具可用 Cr12MoV 或 SKD11 模具钢，镜面要求高时镀硬铬；大批量生产凹模可嵌硬质合金延长寿命。模具间隙取料厚 1.1–1.2 倍利于减薄均匀。

Drawing force F≈π·d·t·σ_b·(D₀/d−0.7) where σ_b is tensile strength. Choose press capacity as 1.2–1.5× (max draw force + hold force). Copper dies use Cr12MoV or SKD11 tool steel, hard-chrome plated for mirror finish; high-volume die radii may embed carbide. Die clearance of 1.1–1.2× stock thickness promotes even thinning.