Jobbing Foundry Quoting & Costing
小型翻砂作坊的报价与成本核算
标签：工作室经营, 报价, 成本核算, 模具摊销, 废品率
报价公式：单件价 =（合金价×毛重×1.15 熔损系数）+（造型工时×时薪）+（熔炼燃料摊销）+清理费。铜合金熔损率取 10–15%，首件另按 5% 废品率预算。模具摊销按预计总产量均摊，样件单通常加收 50–100%。接单前必须确认：分型面与加工余量（单边 2–3 mm）、月产能匹配（手工造型每人每班 30–60 砂箱）、付款节点（料款预付 30%）。
Quote formula: piece price = (alloy price × gross weight × 1.15 melt-loss factor) + (molding hours × shop rate) + (fuel amortization) + cleaning. Budget a 10–15% melt loss for copper alloys and a 5% scrap allowance on first articles. Amortize pattern cost over projected volume; sample orders usually carry a 50–100% surcharge. Before accepting: confirm the parting line and machining allowance (2–3 mm per side), match monthly capacity (hand molding: 30–60 flasks per molder per shift), and set payment milestones (30% material deposit). ---