Forging Studio Quoting & Time Management
锻造工坊的计件报价与工时管理
标签：工作室经营, 报价, 火次, 工时管理, 验收标准
锻造报价按"火次"估算：每火含加热（约 15–20 min/炉）与锻打，单件报价 = 料费×1.1 + 火次×单火工费 + 精整工时×时薪。工时管理要点：退火与酸洗占全工时 20–30%，宜批量集中在下班前处理；订单按火次排产，同炉位集中加热不同工件提高炉效；复杂件预留 1 火返修。接单须注明锤纹允许差异范围，避免手作件被按机加工公差验收。
Forging quotes are built on "heats": each heat includes heating (~15–20 min per furnace load) and striking; piece price = material × 1.1 + heats × per-heat rate + finishing hours × shop rate. Time management: annealing and pickling eat 20–30% of total hours, so batch them end-of-day; schedule orders by heats and cluster different parts per furnace load for efficiency; reserve one extra heat for rework on complex pieces. Contracts must state the acceptable hammer-mark variation — hand-forged work should not be accepted against machining tolerances. ---