Melting & Pouring: Bronze Temp, Vacuum/Centrifugal

熔炼与浇注：青铜温度、真空/离心

type:tutorial · level:advanced · material:bronze · material:copper · variant:vacuum-pressure · variant:centrifugal · scale:jewellery · scale:decorative-object · equipment:furnace · equipment:vacuum-machine · equipment:centrifugal-machine · stage:melting · stage:pouring

标签：熔炼, 浇注, 青铜, 真空, 离心

青铜（如 CuSn10）浇注温度约 1100–1200℃，黄铜约 1000–1100℃。熔炼用石墨坩埚，去气（加磷铜脱氧）后静置。石膏型多用真空或离心浇注：真空吸注能填满 0.5 mm 薄壁；离心靠转速把金属甩入细部。浇注时壳温应保持 500–650℃（热壳）。关键：浇注速度稳定、浇口杯不露空、浇完补缩冒口。冷却后清壳。

Bronze (e.g., CuSn10) pours at ~1100–1200℃, brass at ~1000–1100℃. Melt in a graphite crucible, degas (phosphor-copper deoxidizer), then hold. Plaster shells usually use vacuum or centrifugal pour: vacuum suction fills 0.5 mm walls; centrifugal force throws metal into detail. Keep the shell at 500–650℃ (hot shell). Keys: steady pour rate, never let the cup run dry, feed the riser after pour. Knock out the shell after cooling. ---