Occupational Health: Noise, Vibration and Strain in Hammering
锤击作业的职业健康：噪声、振动与劳损
标签：噪声, 手臂振动, RSI, 职业健康
打平车间噪声常达 90–100 dB(A)，除佩戴 SNR 25 以上耳塞外，在砧座与台面之间垫 10 mm 丁腈橡胶可再降 3–5 dB；每日锤击累计超 2 h 应安排轮岗。手臂振动综合征防护三要点：选带减振握柄的锤、保持砧面与锤面光洁以减少无效击打、冷天戴合指保暖手套。腕肘劳损预防：以肩肘整体发力而非手腕抖动，砧高调至锤面与工件自然齐平。建议每年做一次纯音测听与手部末梢循环检查，异常即转岗评估。
Planishing shops often run 90–100 dB(A): wear SNR 25+ earplugs and add a 10 mm nitrile pad under the stake for another 3–5 dB; rotate tasks once hammering passes 2 h a day. For hand-arm vibration, three measures matter: shock-absorbing handles, clean stake and hammer faces to cut wasted blows, and fingered thermal gloves in cold shops. Against wrist and elbow strain, drive from shoulder and elbow rather than flicking the wrist, with the stake set so face and work meet naturally. Schedule yearly pure-tone audiometry and hand circulation checks, and reassign on any abnormal finding.