Lead-glaze Exposure & Studio Blood-lead Monitoring
铅釉暴露与工作室血铅监测
标签：铅釉暴露, 血铅监测, 无铅替代, 通风柜, 职业健康
含铅釉（PbO 20–40%）粉尘经呼吸与手口摄入，铅在体内蓄积且无安全阈值共识。管理要点：釉料称混固定在通风柜内并湿法作业，含铅釉专用工具以颜色标识隔离；干扫禁止，改用湿布与 HEPA 吸尘；进食饮水前必须洗手，釉料区绝对禁食。个人防护 FFP3 半面罩；孕妇与备孕者调离铅岗。欧美车间空气铅行动值为 30 μg/m³，接触人员每年血铅检测，建议控制在 100 μg/L 以下；检测记录保存至少五年。无铅硼熔块釉已可覆盖大部分色域，优先替换。
Lead glazes (20–40% PbO) expose via inhalation and hand-to-mouth contact, and lead accumulates with no agreed safe threshold. Controls: weigh and mix only in a fume hood with wet methods, keep lead-glaze tools color-coded and segregated, ban dry sweeping in favor of wet wiping and HEPA vacuuming, wash before eating, and forbid all food in glaze areas. Wear FFP3 respirators; pregnant or trying-to-conceive staff move off lead work. Airborne action level is 30 μg/m³; annual blood-lead testing, ideally under 100 μg/L, with records kept five years. Lead-free borate frits cover most of the palette—replace first.