Noise Control & Hearing Conservation in Press Shops
深冲车间的冲压噪声控制与听力保护
标签：噪声, 听力保护, 职业健康, 隔声罩
机械冲床单冲声级 100–110 dB(A)，而 8 h 等效限值仅 85 dB(A)，必须工程降噪优先：①冲床加钢面板+50 mm 吸声棉隔声罩，可降 10–15 dB；②送料架与接料槽贴阻尼橡胶，消除料带拍击的 2–3 kHz 尖峰；③模具卸料板嵌聚氨酯缓冲条。管理侧：入岗与每两年一次纯音测听，超 80 dB(A) 区域强制佩戴 SNR ≥25 dB 耳塞并季度轮岗。某 6 台冲床车间治理后噪声从 96 降至 83 dB(A)，员工听力异常检出率归零。
A mechanical press stroke peaks at 100–110 dB(A) against an 85 dB(A) 8-hour limit, so engineering controls come first: (1) steel-panel acoustic hoods with 50 mm absorber cut 10–15 dB; (2) damped rubber on feed frames and catch chutes kills the 2–3 kHz strip-slap peak; (3) urethane strips in strippers soften the break. Administratively: baseline and biennial audiometry, mandatory SNR ≥25 dB protection and quarterly rotation above 80 dB(A). One six-press shop went from 96 to 83 dB(A), with zero abnormal hearing findings after.